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The concept of automation is a dynamic development process.
The concept of automation is a dynamic development process. In the past, people's understanding of automation or the functional goal of automation was to replace manual operations with mechanical actions to automatically complete specific tasks. This is essentially the idea of automation replacing human manual labor. Later, with the development of electronics and information technology, especially with the emergence and wide application of computers, the concept of automation has been expanded to replace not only human physical labor but also or assist mental labor with machines (including computers) to automatically Complete specific assignments.
08-31
The late 1950s has been the period of comprehensive automation.
The late 1950s has been the period of comprehensive automation. During this period, space technology has developed rapidly, and it is urgent to solve the optimal control problem of multi-variable systems. Thus was born the modern control theory. The formation and development of modern control theory have laid a theoretical foundation for comprehensive automation. At the same time, new breakthroughs have been made in microelectronics technology. Transistor computers appeared in 1958, integrated circuit computers appeared in 1965, and single-chip microprocessors appeared in 1971. The emergence of microprocessors has had a significant impact on control technology, and control engineers can easily use microprocessors to implement various complex controls, making comprehensive automation a reality. "Automation" was proposed by American D.S.Harder in 1936. He believed that in a production process, the transfer of parts between machines without human handling is "automation".
01-21
The electronic digital computer invented in the 1940s
The electronic digital computer invented in the 1940s opened a new era of digital program control. Although it was still limited to automatic calculation at that time, the successful manufacture of ENIAC and EDVAC opened a new era of electronic digital program control. The invention of electronic digital computer laid the foundation for the widespread application of program control and logic control in control systems in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as the extensive application of electronic digital computers to directly control the production process.
01-25
In 1945, the American mathematician Wiener,
In 1945, the American mathematician Wiener, N. extended the concept of feedback to all control systems. After the 1950s, there have been many new developments in classical control theory. . The methods of classical control theory can basically meet the needs of military technology in World War II and the needs of post-war industrial development. But by the end of the 1950s, it was discovered that the generalization of the methods of classical control theory to multivariable systems would lead to wrong conclusions. The classical control theory approach has its limitations.
11-12
The 1940s and 1950s were the period of partial automation
The 1940s and 1950s were the period of partial automation. The classical control theory formed during the Second World War played an important role in promoting the development of partial automation after the war. In the process of the problem, the classical control theory was formed, various precise automatic adjustment devices were designed, and a new scientific field of system and control was created. This new discipline was called Servo Mechanism Theory in the United States at that time, and Autotuning Theory in the Soviet Union, mainly to solve the single-variable control problem. The name Classical Control Theory was proposed in 1960 at the first National Joint Conference on Automatic Control. After 1945, due to the lifting of the wartime publishing ban, there appeared works that systematically expounded the classical control theory.
09-06
The application of automatic regulators marks the entry into a new historical period of automation technology.
The application of automatic regulators marks the entry into a new historical period of automation technology. After entering the 20th century, various automatic adjustment devices have been widely used in industrial production, which has promoted the analysis and synthesis of adjustment systems. Although the structure of feedback control has been widely used in automatic regulators during this period, the theoretical study of the principle of feedback control began in the 1920s. In 1833, British mathematician C. Babbage first proposed the principle of program control when designing an analytical engine. In 1939, the world's first professional research institutions for systems and control were established, which made theoretical and organizational preparations for the formation of classical control theory and the development of local automation in the 1940s.
