Automation means that machines

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【概要描述】Automation means that machines, equipment, systems or processes (production, management processes) achieve expectations through automatic detection,

Automation means that machines, equipment, systems or processes (production, management processes) achieve expectations through automatic detection, information processing, analysis and judgment, and manipulation control according to human requirements without the direct participation of people or less people. target process. Automation technology is widely used in industry, agriculture, military, scientific research, transportation, commerce, medical care, services and households. The use of automation technology can not only liberate people from heavy manual labor, part of mental labor and harsh and dangerous working environments, but also expand human organ functions, greatly improve labor productivity, and enhance human ability to understand and transform the world . Therefore, automation is an important condition and a significant sign of modernization of industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology.

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The concept of automation is a dynamic development process.

The concept of automation is a dynamic development process. In the past, people's understanding of automation or the functional goal of automation was to replace manual operations with mechanical actions to automatically complete specific tasks. This is essentially the idea of automation replacing human manual labor. Later, with the development of electronics and information technology, especially with the emergence and wide application of computers, the concept of automation has been expanded to replace not only human physical labor but also or assist mental labor with machines (including computers) to automatically Complete specific assignments.

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The late 1950s has been the period of comprehensive automation.

The late 1950s has been the period of comprehensive automation. During this period, space technology has developed rapidly, and it is urgent to solve the optimal control problem of multi-variable systems. Thus was born the modern control theory. The formation and development of modern control theory have laid a theoretical foundation for comprehensive automation. At the same time, new breakthroughs have been made in microelectronics technology. Transistor computers appeared in 1958, integrated circuit computers appeared in 1965, and single-chip microprocessors appeared in 1971. The emergence of microprocessors has had a significant impact on control technology, and control engineers can easily use microprocessors to implement various complex controls, making comprehensive automation a reality. "Automation" was proposed by American D.S.Harder in 1936. He believed that in a production process, the transfer of parts between machines without human handling is "automation".

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The electronic digital computer invented in the 1940s

The electronic digital computer invented in the 1940s opened a new era of digital program control. Although it was still limited to automatic calculation at that time, the successful manufacture of ENIAC and EDVAC opened a new era of electronic digital program control. The invention of electronic digital computer laid the foundation for the widespread application of program control and logic control in control systems in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as the extensive application of electronic digital computers to directly control the production process.

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